Virus Expression Database
Submitted by Tomoki Yoshikawa (University of Texas Medical Branch, USA) on Jul 22 2009
Platform: microarray – [HG-U133_Plus_2] Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array
Pubmed: 20090954
Summary Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection causes an immune-mediated disease. We have recently shown that SARS-CoV-induced epithelial Calu-3 cytokines could exacerbate and dampen host inflammatory and T cell responses, respectively, through modulating the functions of macrophages and dendritic cells, thereby suggesting that not only are lung epithelial cells the primary cells of SARS-CoV infection, but they also involve in initiating and orchestrating the host innate and adaptive immunity. Comprehensive evaluation of the complex epithelial signaling to SARS-CoV is, thus, crucial for paving the way to better understand SARS pathogenesis and develop the innovative therapeutics against SARS. Here, based on the microarray-based functional genomics, we reported that 2B4 cells, a clonal derivative of Calu-3 cells, elicited a temporal and spatial activation of nuclear factor (NF)kappaB, activator protein (AP)-1 (ATF2/c-Jun), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3/-7 at 12-, 24-, and 48-hrs post infection (p.i.), respectively, resulting in the activation of many antiviral genes, including interferon (IFN)-β, -λs, SARS-related inflammatory mediators, and various IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). While elevated responses of IFN-β and IFN-λs were not detected until 48-hrs p.i., as a consequence of a delayed IRF-3/-7 activation, we showed, for the first time, that both types of IFNs exerted previously under-described non-redundant, complementary, and/or synergistic effects on the epithelial defense against SARS-CoV. Collectively, our results highlight the molecular mechanisms of the sequential activation of virus- and IFN-dependent signaling of lung epithelial cells against SARS-CoV and identify novel cellular targets for future studies, aiming at advancing strategies against SARS.
| ID | Title | Cell Type | Timepoint | Reported Virus | Virus Species | Exclusion Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSM432030 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line  [Calu-3  ] |
12 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432031 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432032 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432033 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432034 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432209 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432210 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432211 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432212 | Mock-infected Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | mock | Uninfected | |
| GSM432213 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432241 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432331 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432332 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432333 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432360 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432361 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432393 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432394 | SARS-CoV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | SARS-CoV | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | |
| GSM432395 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432396 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432397 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 12 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
12 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432398 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432399 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #2 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432400 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 24 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
24 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432414 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #1 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432415 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #２ | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus | |
| GSM432416 | DOHV-infected (MOI=0.1) Calu-3 subclone 2B4 at 48 hours post infection #3 | lung adenocarcinoma cell line [Calu-3 ] |
48 hrs | DOHV | Dhori thogotovirus |