Virus Expression Database

GSE34234

Microarrays analysis of anti-Enterovirus 71 activity of Heparin

Submitted by Hamid Reza Pourianfar (Culture and Research, Iran) on Dec 07 2011

Platform: microarray – [HuGene-1_0-st] Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array [transcript (gene) version]

Pubmed: 24281657

Summary We have previously shown that Heparin (Hep) significantly inhibited Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection and binding in both Vero and a human neural cell line, SK-N-SH, in vitro. Therefore, in this study we intended to gain insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of Hep against clinical EV71 infection in neural cells. Instead of stating a long list of gene functions and pathways, we tried to select for EV71-induced genes that were exclusively affected by antiviral activity of Hep through a multi-level comparison and characterization.
Overall, the findings of this study suggest several molecular targets by which Hep might exert its antiviral activity against clinical EV71 infection in neural cells. Mostly, Hep appeared to modulate induction effect of EV71 on several genes in a way that may benefit the host cell and inhibit the viral infection. The most important genes where expression patterns were significantly changed by Hep include genes related to; (i) cell growth, (ii) DNA repair and replication, (iii) cytoplasmic microfilaments and related apoptosis, (iv) regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrion-related apoptosis, (v) cytoplasmic viral transport, (vi) transmembrane proteins and the related signaling pathways, (vii) phosphoribosyltransferase, (viii) transcription factors, (ix) G protein-coupled receptors and G protein-coupled receptors-interacting proteins, (x) remodeling actin filament assembly, (xi) chemokin receptors, and (xii) immunosuppression. In addition, Hep sometimes appeared to be harmful for cells, like the case in that Hep likely suppresses regulation of Metallothionein 1E. Furthermore, it should not be ignored that the Hep-caused affects seen in this microarray analysis may partially be attributed to a significant inhibitory effect of Hep on EV71 entry into the cells.
In conclusion, we propose that our microarray findings may suggest new directions for further studies on molecular targets of anti-EV71 activity of Hep. EV71 is a neurovirological virus that can cause severe and fatal CNS complications in infected patients. There is no approved drug for prophylaxis of EV71-casued disease and discovering a molecular drug target(s) for EV71 infection would be beneficial. The microarray analysis reported here was a large-scale microarray pilot study and thus further confirmatory experiments such as real time RT PCR and Western blotting would be warranted in order to confirm the mode of action of Hep implied here.

12 Samples

ID Title Cell Type Timepoint Reported Virus Virus Species Exclusion Reason
GSM845244 neural cells_cell control_Rep 1 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] uninfected Uninfected
GSM845245 neural cells_cell control_Rep 2 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] uninfected Uninfected
GSM845246 neural cell_cell control_Rep2 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] uninfected Uninfected
GSM845247 neural cell_compound control_Rep1 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] uninfected Uninfected Extra interventions
treated with Heparin
GSM845248 neural cell_compound control_Rep2 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] uninfected Uninfected Extra interventions
treated with Heparin
GSM845249 neural cell_compound control_Rep3 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] uninfected Uninfected Extra interventions
treated with Heparin
GSM845250 neural cell_treatment_Rep1 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] EV71 Enterovirus A Extra interventions
treated with Heparin
GSM845251 neural cell_treatment_Rep2 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] EV71 Enterovirus A Extra interventions
treated with Heparin
GSM845252 neural cell_treatment_Rep3 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] EV71 Enterovirus A Extra interventions
treated with Heparin
GSM845253 neural cell_virus control_Rep1 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] EV71 Enterovirus A
GSM845254 neural cell_virus control_Rep2 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] EV71 Enterovirus A
GSM845255 neural cell_virus control_Rep3 neuroblastoma cell line  [SK-N-SH ] EV71 Enterovirus A